Many dietary factors besides food allergies can set the stage for chronic inflammation. Chief among them is an unbalanced intake of certain dietary fats, leading to a functional deficiency of some of them. Two families of dietary fats, known as the omega-3s and the omega-6s, provide the biochemical building blocks for the body’s anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory compounds. Most processed and packaged foods—that is, those sold in boxes, cans, jars, and bottles—contain negligible amounts of the anti-inflammatory omega-3 fats. In contrast, they contain abnormally large amounts of pro-inflammatory omega-6 fats. The richest sources of omega-3 fats are coldwater fish, such as salmon and sardines, whereas most omega-6 fats come from safflower, peanut, and corn oils. I’ll explain more about these fats in chapters 3 and 8.
In addition to unbalanced fat intake, nine out of ten Americans don’t eat sufficient amounts of vegetables and fruits, which are rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory vitamins, and other nutrients. Vitamins C and E, as well as flavonoids (a family of nutrients that adds color to vegetables and fruits), have potent anti-inflammatory benefits. These low levels of omega-3 fats and antioxidants promote abnormal inflammatory responses. Many cases of inflammatory disorders, such as arthritis and allergies, have been resolved simply by taking omega-3 fish oil and antioxidant supplements.
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